| 翻訳と辞書 |
| Laura Bridgman ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Laura Bridgman
Laura Dewey Lynn Bridgman (December 21, 1829 – May 24, 1889) is known as the first deaf-blind American child to gain a significant education in the English language, fifty years before the more famous Helen Keller.〔However, there are accounts of deaf-blind people communicating in tactile sign language before this time, and the deaf-blind Victorine Morriseau (1789–1832) had successfully learned French as a child some years earlier.〕
==Early years==
Laura Bridgman was born in Hanover, New Hampshire, the third daughter of Daniel Bridgman, a Baptist farmer, and his wife Harmony, daughter of Cushman Downer, and granddaughter of Joseph Downer, one of the five first settlers (1761) of Thetford, Vermont. Laura was a delicate infant, small and rickety, and suffered from convulsions until she was eighteen months old.〔Freeberg, Ernest. ''The Education of Laura Bridgman: First Deaf and Blind Person to Learn Language.''Cambridge: Harvard UP, 2001, p. 13.〕 Her family was struck with scarlet fever when Laura was two years old. The illness killed her two older sisters and left her deaf, blind, and without a sense of smell or taste.〔Freeberg, Ernest, p. 14.〕 Though she gradually recovered her health, she remained deaf and blind. Laura's mother kept her well-groomed and showed the child affection, but Laura received little attention from the rest of her family, including her father who, on occasion, tried to "frighten her into obedience" by stamping his foot hard on the floor to startle her with the vibrations.〔Gitter, Elisabeth. ''The Imprisoned Guest: Samuel Howe and Laura Bridgman, the Original Deaf-Blind Girl''. NY: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux, 2001, p. 48.〕 Her closest friend was a kind, mentally impaired hired man of the Bridgmans, Asa Tenney, whom she credited with making her childhood happy. Tenney had some kind of expressive language disorder himself, and communicated with Laura in signs. He knew Native Americans who used a sign language, (probably Abenaki using Plains Indian Sign Language), and had begun to teach Laura to express herself using these signs when she was sent away to school.〔"The indain() chief that I have seen in this village, when the younger indian spoke of talking by signs, said the chief held the opinnon there was one language that was universal, and he could talk that language.
Laura was improving in that very language as well as knitting work before leaving home." Asa Tenney in a letter to Samuel Gridley Howe, September 17, 1839. In ''The Imprisoned Guest: Samuel Howe and Laura Bridgman, The Original Deaf-Blind Girl'' by Elizabeth Gitter (Picador, 2002), p. 54.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Laura Bridgman」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|